Tabs

Tabs make it easy to explore and switch between different views.

Tabs organize and allow navigation between groups of content that are related and at the same level of hierarchy.

Introduction

Tabs are implemented using a collection of related components:

<Tab /> - the tab element itself. Clicking on a tab displays its corresponding panel.
<Tabs /> - the container that houses the tabs. Responsible for handling focus and keyboard navigation between tabs.

Item One

<Box sx={{ borderBottom: 1, borderColor: 'divider' }}>
  <Tabs value={value} onChange={handleChange} aria-label="basic tabs example">
    <Tab label="Item One" {...a11yProps(0)} />
    <Tab label="Item Two" {...a11yProps(1)} />
    <Tab label="Item Three" {...a11yProps(2)} />
  </Tabs>
</Box>
<CustomTabPanel value={value} index={0}>
  Item One
</CustomTabPanel>
<CustomTabPanel value={value} index={1}>
  Item Two
</CustomTabPanel>
<CustomTabPanel value={value} index={2}>
  Item Three
</CustomTabPanel>

<Box sx={{ borderBottom: 1, borderColor: 'divider' }}>
  <Tabs value={value} onChange={handleChange} aria-label="basic tabs example">
    <Tab label="Item One" {...a11yProps(0)} />
    <Tab label="Item Two" {...a11yProps(1)} />
    <Tab label="Item Three" {...a11yProps(2)} />
  </Tabs>
</Box>
<CustomTabPanel value={value} index={0}>
  Item One
</CustomTabPanel>
<CustomTabPanel value={value} index={1}>
  Item Two
</CustomTabPanel>
<CustomTabPanel value={value} index={2}>
  Item Three
</CustomTabPanel>

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Basics

import Tabs from '@mui/material/Tabs';
import Tab from '@mui/material/Tab';

Experimental API

@mui/lab offers utility components that inject props to implement accessible tabs following WAI-ARIA Authoring Practices:

<TabList /> - the container that houses the tabs. Responsible for handling focus and keyboard navigation between tabs.
<TabPanel /> - the card that hosts the content associated with a tab.
<TabContext /> - the top-level component that wraps the Tab List and Tab Panel components.

Item One

<TabContext value={value}>
  <Box sx={{ borderBottom: 1, borderColor: 'divider' }}>
    <TabList onChange={handleChange} aria-label="lab API tabs example">
      <Tab label="Item One" value="1" />
      <Tab label="Item Two" value="2" />
      <Tab label="Item Three" value="3" />
    </TabList>
  </Box>
  <TabPanel value="1">Item One</TabPanel>
  <TabPanel value="2">Item Two</TabPanel>
  <TabPanel value="3">Item Three</TabPanel>
</TabContext>

<TabContext value={value}>
  <Box sx={{ borderBottom: 1, borderColor: 'divider' }}>
    <TabList onChange={handleChange} aria-label="lab API tabs example">
      <Tab label="Item One" value="1" />
      <Tab label="Item Two" value="2" />
      <Tab label="Item Three" value="3" />
    </TabList>
  </Box>
  <TabPanel value="1">Item One</TabPanel>
  <TabPanel value="2">Item Two</TabPanel>
  <TabPanel value="3">Item Three</TabPanel>
</TabContext>

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Wrapped labels

Long labels will automatically wrap on tabs. If the label is too long for the tab, it will overflow, and the text will not be visible.

<Tabs
  value={value}
  onChange={handleChange}
  aria-label="wrapped label tabs example"
>
  <Tab
    value="one"
    label="New Arrivals in the Longest Text of Nonfiction that should appear in the next line"
    wrapped
  />
  <Tab value="two" label="Item Two" />
  <Tab value="three" label="Item Three" />
</Tabs>

<Tabs
  value={value}
  onChange={handleChange}
  aria-label="wrapped label tabs example"
>
  <Tab
    value="one"
    label="New Arrivals in the Longest Text of Nonfiction that should appear in the next line"
    wrapped
  />
  <Tab value="two" label="Item Two" />
  <Tab value="three" label="Item Three" />
</Tabs>

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Colored tab

<Tabs
  value={value}
  onChange={handleChange}
  textColor="secondary"
  indicatorColor="secondary"
  aria-label="secondary tabs example"
>
  <Tab value="one" label="Item One" />
  <Tab value="two" label="Item Two" />
  <Tab value="three" label="Item Three" />
</Tabs>

<Tabs
  value={value}
  onChange={handleChange}
  textColor="secondary"
  indicatorColor="secondary"
  aria-label="secondary tabs example"
>
  <Tab value="one" label="Item One" />
  <Tab value="two" label="Item Two" />
  <Tab value="three" label="Item Three" />
</Tabs>

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Disabled tab

A tab can be disabled by setting the disabled prop.

<Tabs value={value} onChange={handleChange} aria-label="disabled tabs example">
  <Tab label="Active" />
  <Tab label="Disabled" disabled />
  <Tab label="Active" />
</Tabs>

<Tabs value={value} onChange={handleChange} aria-label="disabled tabs example">
  <Tab label="Active" />
  <Tab label="Disabled" disabled />
  <Tab label="Active" />
</Tabs>

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Fixed tabs

Fixed tabs should be used with a limited number of tabs, and when a consistent placement will aid muscle memory.

Full width

The variant="fullWidth" prop should be used for smaller views. This demo also uses react-swipeable-views to animate the Tab transition, and allowing tabs to be swiped on touch devices.

Item One

Centered

The centered prop should be used for larger views.

<Tabs value={value} onChange={handleChange} centered>
  <Tab label="Item One" />
  <Tab label="Item Two" />
  <Tab label="Item Three" />
</Tabs>

<Tabs value={value} onChange={handleChange} centered>
  <Tab label="Item One" />
  <Tab label="Item Two" />
  <Tab label="Item Three" />
</Tabs>

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Scrollable tabs

Automatic scroll buttons

Use the variant="scrollable" and scrollButtons="auto" props to display left and right scroll buttons on desktop that are hidden on mobile:

<Tabs
  value={value}
  onChange={handleChange}
  variant="scrollable"
  scrollButtons="auto"
  aria-label="scrollable auto tabs example"
>
  <Tab label="Item One" />
  <Tab label="Item Two" />
  <Tab label="Item Three" />
  <Tab label="Item Four" />
  <Tab label="Item Five" />
  <Tab label="Item Six" />
  <Tab label="Item Seven" />
</Tabs>

<Tabs
  value={value}
  onChange={handleChange}
  variant="scrollable"
  scrollButtons="auto"
  aria-label="scrollable auto tabs example"
>
  <Tab label="Item One" />
  <Tab label="Item Two" />
  <Tab label="Item Three" />
  <Tab label="Item Four" />
  <Tab label="Item Five" />
  <Tab label="Item Six" />
  <Tab label="Item Seven" />
</Tabs>

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Forced scroll buttons

Apply scrollButtons={true} and the allowScrollButtonsMobile prop to display the left and right scroll buttons on all viewports:

<Tabs
  value={value}
  onChange={handleChange}
  variant="scrollable"
  scrollButtons
  allowScrollButtonsMobile
  aria-label="scrollable force tabs example"
>
  <Tab label="Item One" />
  <Tab label="Item Two" />
  <Tab label="Item Three" />
  <Tab label="Item Four" />
  <Tab label="Item Five" />
  <Tab label="Item Six" />
  <Tab label="Item Seven" />
</Tabs>

<Tabs
  value={value}
  onChange={handleChange}
  variant="scrollable"
  scrollButtons
  allowScrollButtonsMobile
  aria-label="scrollable force tabs example"
>
  <Tab label="Item One" />
  <Tab label="Item Two" />
  <Tab label="Item Three" />
  <Tab label="Item Four" />
  <Tab label="Item Five" />
  <Tab label="Item Six" />
  <Tab label="Item Seven" />
</Tabs>

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If you want to make sure the buttons are always visible, you should customize the opacity.

.MuiTabs-scrollButtons.Mui-disabled {
  opacity: 0.3;
}

Prevent scroll buttons

Left and right scroll buttons are never be presented with scrollButtons={false}. All scrolling must be initiated through user agent scrolling mechanisms (for example left/right swipe, shift mouse wheel, etc.)

<Tabs
  value={value}
  onChange={handleChange}
  variant="scrollable"
  scrollButtons={false}
  aria-label="scrollable prevent tabs example"
>
  <Tab label="Item One" />
  <Tab label="Item Two" />
  <Tab label="Item Three" />
  <Tab label="Item Four" />
  <Tab label="Item Five" />
  <Tab label="Item Six" />
  <Tab label="Item Seven" />
</Tabs>

<Tabs
  value={value}
  onChange={handleChange}
  variant="scrollable"
  scrollButtons={false}
  aria-label="scrollable prevent tabs example"
>
  <Tab label="Item One" />
  <Tab label="Item Two" />
  <Tab label="Item Three" />
  <Tab label="Item Four" />
  <Tab label="Item Five" />
  <Tab label="Item Six" />
  <Tab label="Item Seven" />
</Tabs>

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Customization

Here is an example of customizing the component. You can learn more about this in the overrides documentation page.

🎨 If you are looking for inspiration, you can check MUI Treasury's customization examples.

Vertical tabs

To make vertical tabs instead of default horizontal ones, there is orientation="vertical":

Item One

Note that you can restore the scrollbar with visibleScrollbar.

Nav tabs

By default, tabs use a button element, but you can provide your custom tag or component. Here's an example of implementing tabbed navigation:

<Tabs
  value={value}
  onChange={handleChange}
  aria-label="nav tabs example"
  role="navigation"
>
  <LinkTab label="Page One" href="/drafts" />
  <LinkTab label="Page Two" href="/trash" />
  <LinkTab label="Page Three" href="/spam" />
</Tabs>

<Tabs
  value={value}
  onChange={handleChange}
  aria-label="nav tabs example"
  role="navigation"
>
  <LinkTab label="Page One" href="/drafts" />
  <LinkTab label="Page Two" href="/trash" />
  <LinkTab label="Page Three" href="/spam" />
</Tabs>

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Third-party routing library

One frequent use case is to perform navigation on the client only, without an HTTP round-trip to the server. The Tab component provides the component prop to handle this use case. Here is a more detailed guide.

Icon tabs

Tab labels may be either all icons or all text.

<Tabs value={value} onChange={handleChange} aria-label="icon tabs example">
  <Tab icon={<PhoneIcon />} aria-label="phone" />
  <Tab icon={<FavoriteIcon />} aria-label="favorite" />
  <Tab icon={<PersonPinIcon />} aria-label="person" />
</Tabs>

<Tabs value={value} onChange={handleChange} aria-label="icon tabs example">
  <Tab icon={<PhoneIcon />} aria-label="phone" />
  <Tab icon={<FavoriteIcon />} aria-label="favorite" />
  <Tab icon={<PersonPinIcon />} aria-label="person" />
</Tabs>

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<Tabs value={value} onChange={handleChange} aria-label="icon label tabs example">
  <Tab icon={<PhoneIcon />} label="RECENTS" />
  <Tab icon={<FavoriteIcon />} label="FAVORITES" />
  <Tab icon={<PersonPinIcon />} label="NEARBY" />
</Tabs>

<Tabs value={value} onChange={handleChange} aria-label="icon label tabs example">
  <Tab icon={<PhoneIcon />} label="RECENTS" />
  <Tab icon={<FavoriteIcon />} label="FAVORITES" />
  <Tab icon={<PersonPinIcon />} label="NEARBY" />
</Tabs>

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Icon position

By default, the icon is positioned at the top of a tab. Other supported positions are start, end, bottom.

<Tabs
  value={value}
  onChange={handleChange}
  aria-label="icon position tabs example"
>
  <Tab icon={<PhoneIcon />} label="top" />
  <Tab icon={<PhoneMissedIcon />} iconPosition="start" label="start" />
  <Tab icon={<FavoriteIcon />} iconPosition="end" label="end" />
  <Tab icon={<PersonPinIcon />} iconPosition="bottom" label="bottom" />
</Tabs>

<Tabs
  value={value}
  onChange={handleChange}
  aria-label="icon position tabs example"
>
  <Tab icon={<PhoneIcon />} label="top" />
  <Tab icon={<PhoneMissedIcon />} iconPosition="start" label="start" />
  <Tab icon={<FavoriteIcon />} iconPosition="end" label="end" />
  <Tab icon={<PersonPinIcon />} iconPosition="bottom" label="bottom" />
</Tabs>

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Accessibility

(WAI-ARIA: https://www.w3.org/WAI/ARIA/apg/patterns/tabs/)

The following steps are needed in order to provide necessary information for assistive technologies:

Label Tabs via aria-label or aria-labelledby.
Tabs need to be connected to their corresponding [role="tabpanel"] by setting the correct id, aria-controls and aria-labelledby.

An example for the current implementation can be found in the demos on this page. We've also published an experimental API in @mui/lab that does not require extra work.

The components implement keyboard navigation using the "manual activation" behavior. If you want to switch to the "selection automatically follows focus" behavior you have to pass selectionFollowsFocus to the Tabs component. The WAI-ARIA authoring practices have a detailed guide on how to decide when to make selection automatically follow focus.

Demo

The following two demos only differ in their keyboard navigation behavior. Focus a tab and navigate with arrow keys to notice the difference, for example Arrow Left.

/* Tabs where selection follows focus */
<Tabs selectionFollowsFocus />

/* Tabs where each tab needs to be selected manually */
<Tabs />

Unstyled

Use the Base UI Tabs for complete ownership of the component's design, with no Material UI or Joy UI styles to override. This unstyled version of the component is the ideal choice for heavy customization with a smaller bundle size.

API

See the documentation below for a complete reference to all of the props and classes available to the components mentioned here.

Tabs

Introduction

Basics

Experimental API

Wrapped labels

Colored tab

Disabled tab

Fixed tabs

Full width

Centered

Scrollable tabs

Automatic scroll buttons

Forced scroll buttons

Prevent scroll buttons

Customization

Vertical tabs

Nav tabs

Third-party routing library

Icon tabs

Icon position

Accessibility

Keyboard navigation

Demo

Unstyled

API